Altruism and Interconnectedness in Short Texts

Lesson 2
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ELA

Unit 1

10th Grade

Lesson 2 of 11

Objective


Determine the audience's needs, values, and beliefs in John Lewis’s farewell essay and examine the rhetorical strategies that compel his audience to action.

Readings and Materials


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Target Task


Writing Prompt

How does John Lewis use rhetorical strategies to compel his audience to action?

Criteria for Success

  • Thesis: Responds to the prompt with a thesis that presents a defensible interpretation
  • Evidence: Includes multiple and varied evidence to support your line of reasoning
  • Commentary: Explains how your evidence supports your line of reasoning (reason or claim used to support a larger thesis)
  • Sophistication: Demonstrates sophistication of thought or develops a complex literary argument

Sample Response

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Key Thinking


Annotation Focus

What is the rhetorical situation? In other words, what lines in the text reveal the rhetorical situation including the exigence, purpose, audience, and context?

Scaffolding Questions

Who is the intended audience in this essay? How do you know?

What was John Lewis’s purpose for writing this essay in the last few days of his life?

Trace the analogies in paragraph three. Who does John Lewis draw comparisons between? What do these comparisons reveal about the impact that Emmett Till’s death had on him as a young man? About the progress we have made since the death of Emmett Till?

What does Representative John Lewis mean when he says, “Emmet Till was my George Floyd. He was my Rayshard Brooks, Sandra Bland, and Breonna Taylor”?

In paragraph 4, John Lewis states, “Unchecked, unrestrained violence and government-sanctioned terror had the power to turn a simple stroll to the store for some Skittles or an innocent morning jog down a lonesome country road into a nightmare.” Identify the key diction choices in this sentence and explain the connotations they carry. What is the impact of these diction choices on John Lewis’s message to his audience?

In paragraph 6, John Lewis describes “good trouble.” What is it? Why does he urge people to get into “good trouble”?

John Lewis commands his audience to “continue to build union between movements stretching across the globe because we must put away our willingness to profit from the exploitation of others.” According to Lewis, what is the significance of building unions and being interconnected?

Discourse Questions

Is John Lewis’s final essay effective? In other words, does he successfully compel his audience of activists to engage in “good trouble?"

Vocabulary


Text-based

sanction

v.

 give official permission or approval for (an action)

exploitation

n.

the action or fact of treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their work

existential

adj.

relating to existence

Homework


  • Read and annotate “A Call for Unity.”
    • Annotation Focus: Why are the Alabama clergymen writing this public statement? 

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Standards


  • LO 1.2B — Explain how the rhetorical features of an argument contribute to its effect and meaning.
  • RI.9-10.6 — Determine an author's point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how an author uses rhetoric to advance that point of view or purpose.

Supporting Standards

LO 1.2A
LO 2.3A
LO 5.1A
LO 5.1B
RI.9-10.1
RI.9-10.2
SL.9-10.1
W.9-10.2.a
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Lesson 1

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Lesson Map

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