When I Was Puerto Rican: A Memoir (2020)

Lesson 6
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ELA

Unit 9

7th Grade

Lesson 6 of 29

Objective


Explain the literal meaning of a simile.

Analyze how the author uses similes to develop her character.

Readings and Materials


  • Book: When I Was Puerto Rican: A Memoir by Esmeralda Santiago  pp. 45 – 55

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Target Task


Multiple Choice

“Clouds had formed above the mountains in streaks, like clumps of dough that had been stretched too thin” (p. 54).

What two things are being compared in the simile above?

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Sample Response

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What does the author literally mean by the excerpt in Part A?

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Sample Response

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Why does the author include this simile?

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Sample Response

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Writing Prompt

Why does Esmeralda Santiago choose to use so much figurative language? How does it impact the reader? Explain using 1-2 details from the text.

Key Questions


  • Read the excerpt: "Mami's mother had been one of fifteen children, and Mami had endless aunts, uncles, and cousins in the barrios that stretched like tentacles from the wide avenues and shady plazas". (p. 37) 

    Why didn't the author just write "Mami had a lot of relatives that lived in the barrios of Saturce"? Why is it more effective for the reader to use the simile?

  • Put a box around the two things being compared in the following quote: "His gnarly hands struck out of his shirt like gigantic hairless tarantulas, always moving, always searching for some place to land." (p. 49)

    What does the author literally mean? (His hands were dark, scary and dangerous.) What does this simile reveal about Esmeralda's perspective? (It conveys that Don Berto was scary yet intriguing to Negi.)

Notes


  • You might want to include a mini lesson on figurative language vs. literal language in today's lesson.
    • Why do authors use figurative language? (Authors use figurative language to help the reader create a picture in their minds so they can better understand the text.)
    • Why would authors choose not to use figurative language and use literal language? (Authors use literal language when they want to be direct with precise words like in textbooks or newspaper articles.)
    • Examples of figurative language: metaphors, similes, hyperboles, idioms, personification
    • Note other similes in this chapter:
      • "Bright dresses and guayaberas in front of a dry-goods store swayed in the breeze like ghosts in daylight" (38).
      • "An echoing hollowness pressed against my ribs and threatened to escape like air from a balloon" (52).

Common Core Standards


  • RI.7.4 — Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze the impact of a specific word choice on meaning and tone.

Next

Identify and explain the literal meaning of personification.

Lesson 7
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