Unit Conversions

Lesson 1

Math

Unit 7

4th Grade

Lesson 1 of 12

Objective


Express metric length measurements in terms of a smaller unit, recording measurement equivalents in a two-column table. Solve one-step word problems that require metric length unit conversion.

Common Core Standards


Core Standards

  • 4.MD.A.1 — Know relative sizes of measurement units within one system of units including km, m, cm; kg, g; lb, oz.; l, ml; hr, min, sec. Within a single system of measurement, express measurements in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Record measurement equivalents in a two column table. For example, know that 1 ft is 12 times as long as 1 in. Express the length of a 4 ft snake as 48 in. Generate a conversion table for feet and inches listing the number pairs (1, 12), (2, 24), (3, 36), …
  • 4.MD.A.2 — Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, including problems involving simple fractions or decimals, and problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.

Foundational Standards

  • 2.MD.A.1
  • 2.MD.A.2
  • 2.MD.A.3
  • 2.MD.A.4
  • 4.OA.A.1

Criteria for Success


  1. Establish benchmarks for the metric units of a kilometer, meter, centimeter, and millimeter. 
  2. Understand that a kilometer is 1,000 times as long as a meter, a meter is 100 times as long as a centimeter, and a centimeter is 10 times as long as a millimeter. 
  3. Use these relationships to deduce conversion rates in the metric system of measurement not otherwise mentioned, e.g., there are 100,000 centimeters in a kilometer (MP.7, MP.8). 
  4. Use these relationships to convert measurements from a larger metric length unit to a smaller unit (MP.7, MP.8). 
  5. Use these relationships to convert measurements from mixed metric length units to a smaller unit (MP.7, MP.8). 
  6. Solve one-step word problems that require metric length unit conversions (MP.4).

Tips for Teachers


  • Before starting the whole unit, it may be helpful to get a sense of students’ benchmarks for various measurement units. You can use select tasks from this NRICH task to do so: Discuss and Choose.
  • Note that in this lesson and the following one, only the units mentioned in the Progressions for the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics, K-5 Geometric Measurement document are included, such as km, m, cm, and mm, but not other units such as hectometers, decameters, or decimeters. You may decide to modify Lessons 1 and 2 to include those units. But, since they are not explicitly mentioned as part of the Grade 4 expectations and are used in much lower frequency in everyday life compared to the ones included in this lesson, they have been excluded.
  • The work that students do with measurement conversion (4.MD.1) in Lessons 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 is connected to the idea of “times as much” in multiplication (4.OA.1). Thus, many tasks and guiding questions below draw attention to this language specifically to make that connection more apparent.

Lesson Materials

  • Meter stick (1 per teacher) — There are other options to use in place of this material. See Anchor Task 1 Notes for more information.
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Anchor Tasks

25-30 minutes


Problem 1

Use a meter stick to answer the following questions.

a.   What do you notice about the relationship between the length of a millimeter and the length of a centimeter?

b.   What do you notice about the relationship between the length of a centimeter and the length of a meter?

c.   What do you notice about the relationship between the length of a millimeter and the length of a meter?

Guiding Questions

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Student Response

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Problem 2

Fill in the following conversion tables.

Kilometers (km) Meters (m)
1  
2  
3  
6  
 
Meters (m) Centimeters (cm)
1  
2  
4  
10  
 
Centimeters (cm) Millimeters (mm)
1  
3  
10  
40  

Guiding Questions

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Student Response

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Problem 3

Mr. Duffy wants to buy a new pair of skis. Skis are sold based on their length in centimeters. If Mr. Duffy wants to buy a pair of skis that are his exact height, and he is 1 meter 83 centimeters tall, what length skis should Mr. Duffy buy? 

Guiding Questions

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Student Response

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Problem 4

Two sisters stand back to back to see how much taller the older sister is than the younger sister.

The older sister is 1 m 30 cm tall. The younger sister is 24 cm 2 mm shorter than her. How tall is the younger sister?

Guiding Questions

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Student Response

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References

Questioning My Metacognition Lil' Sister

Lil' Sister by Graham Fletcher is made available on Questioning My Metacognition under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license. Accessed June 13, 2018, 12:52 p.m..

Modified by Fishtank Learning, Inc.

Problem Set

15-20 minutes


Discussion of Problem Set

  • What pattern did you notice in the equivalences for #2 and #4? How did converting 1 kilometer to 1,000 meters in #1(a) help you to solve #2(a)? 
  • How long is the ribbon in #3 in centimeters? In millimeters? 
  • How does the ruler in #8 show that a centimeter is ten times as large as a millimeter?
  • What is wrong with Jason’s reasoning in #10? How much larger is a kilometer than a millimeter? How do you know?

Target Task

5-10 minutes


Problem 1

Complete the conversion table.

Distance

6 km _____ m
40 km _____ m
3 m _____ cm
17 m _____ cm
50 cm _____ mm
13 m _____ mm

Student Response

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Problem 2

Fill in the blank to make the equation true. 

21 km 80 m = ___________ m

Student Response

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Problem 3

The female world record for high jump is 2 meters and 9 centimeters. How high is that in centimeters?

Student Response

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Additional Practice


The Extra Practice Problems can be used as additional practice for homework, during an intervention block, etc. Daily Word Problems and Fluency Activities are aligned to the content of the unit but not necessarily to the lesson objective, therefore feel free to use them anytime during your school day.

Word Problems and Fluency Activities

Word Problems and Fluency Activities

Help students strengthen their application and fluency skills with daily word problem practice and content-aligned fluency activities.

Next

Express metric mass and capacity measurements in terms of a smaller unit, recording measurement equivalents in a two-column table. Solve one-step word problems that require metric mass or capacity unit conversion.

Lesson 2
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Lesson Map

A7CB09C2-D12F-4F55-80DB-37298FF0A765

Topic A: Metric Unit Conversion

Topic B: Customary Unit Conversion

Topic C: Fraction and Decimal Unit Conversions

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