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Three-Dimensional Measurement and Application
Students extend their understanding of circles, volume, and surface area into modeling situations, formula analysis, and deeper conceptual understandings.
Math
Unit 6
10th Grade
Unit Summary
In Unit 6, students derive, describe, and use formulas for area and circumference of a circle, and volume and surface area of three-dimensional figures. In addition, students identify two-dimensional shapes that when spun around an axis will form a particular three-dimensional figure, identify cross-sections of three-dimensional figures, and analyze modeling situations.
In this unit, students build on their previous understanding of circles, volume, and surface area they developed throughout elementary and middle school to extend their reasoning into modeling situations, formula analysis, and deeper conceptual understandings. The primary foundational content students will need to have prior to beginning this unit are knowing the formulas for area and circumference of a circle from 7th Grade Math; knowing the formulas for volume of a cone, cylinder, and sphere from 8th Grade Math; and using Pythagorean Theorem from 8th Grade Math and Unit 4.
The Unit begins with Topic A, Area and Circumference of Circles, where students refresh their understanding of area and circumference to solve problems. If students are proficient at these skills, the first three lessons may be skipped or combined. In Topic B, Three-Dimensional Concepts and General Volume, students build on their understanding of two-dimensional figures to develop an understanding of three-dimensional measurement and dimension through revolving two-dimensional figures around an axis, slices, and volume. Topic C, Cavalieri’s Principle, Spheres, and Composite Volume, explores Cavalieri’s principle with the purpose of comparing volumes of oblique and right figures and developing the underpinnings for the formula for the volume of a sphere, used in eighth grade Geometry. Topic C also challenges students to find the volume of nonstandard three-dimensional figures by adding or subtracting volumes of known figures. The unit concludes with Topic D, Surface Area, Scaling, and Modeling with Geometry, which focuses on modeling situations requiring the use of volume, surface area, density, rates, and unit conversions. Students are required to make general plans for the solution of problems, determine the measurements and formulas necessary to carry out these plans, evaluate the plans, and determine a final solution. The use of appropriate measurement is necessary for the estimates in this topic of the unit.
The material from this unit is foundational to applications in Algebra 2 and solids of revolutions through integration in Calculus.
Pacing: 20 instructional days (18 lessons, 1 flex day, 1 assessment day)
Assessment
The following assessments accompany Unit 6.
Post-Unit
Use the resources below to assess student understanding of the unit content and action plan for future units.
Unit Prep
Intellectual Prep
Internalization of Standards via the Unit Assessment
- Take unit assessment. Annotate for:
- Standards that each question aligns to
- Purpose of each question: spiral, foundational, mastery, developing
- Strategies and representations used in daily lessons
- Relationship to Essential Understandings of unit
- Lesson(s) that assessment points to
Internalization of Trajectory of Unit
- Read and annotate the Unit Summary.
- Notice the progression of concepts through the unit using the Lesson Map.
- Do all target tasks. Annotate the target tasks for:
- Essential understandings
- Connection to assessment questions
Essential Understandings
- Describe and use the formulas for area and circumference of a circle.
- Define a three-dimensional figure in terms of its vertices, edges, and faces to find the volume, lateral surface area, and surface area.
- Describe the relationship between two-dimensional slices, cross sections, and shapes to be revolved around an axis to form three-dimensional figures.
- Use and develop formulas for finding volume of right and oblique shapes as well as comparing volumes.
- Identify appropriate measurement precision and levels of calculation necessary to solve a modeling problem.
- Develop and execute plans for multistep modeling problems with geometric concepts, including volume, surface area, density, rate, and unit conversions.
Vocabulary
| area of a circle | circumference of a circle |
| radius | diameter |
| level of precision | point (vertex) |
| line (edge) | plane (face) |
| polyhedron | right and oblique prism |
| right and oblique pyramid | apex |
| right and oblique cylinder | right and oblique cone |
| revolution around an axis | volume formulas |
| Pythagorean Theorem | cross-section |
| slice | sphere |
| Cavalieri's principle | truncated cone |
| truncated pyramid | lateral surface area |
| surface area | displacement |
| dimenional analysis | density |
Lesson Map
Topic A: Area and Circumference of Circles
Topic B: Three-Dimensional Concepts and General Volume
Topic C: Cavalieri's Principle, Spheres, and Composite Volume
Topic D: Surface Area, Scaling, and Modeling with Geometry
Common Core Standards
Key
Major Cluster
Supporting Cluster
Additional Cluster
Core Standards
Congruence
Geometric Measurement and Dimension
High School — Number and Quantity
Modeling with Geometry
Seeing Structure in Expressions
Similarity, Right Triangles, and Trigonometry
Foundational Standards
Congruence
Creating Equations
Geometry
Future Standards
Geometric Measurement and Dimension
Modeling with Geometry
Standards for Mathematical Practice
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP1 — Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP2 — Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP3 — Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP4 — Model with mathematics.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP5 — Use appropriate tools strategically.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP6 — Attend to precision.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP7 — Look for and make use of structure.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP8 — Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.
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