Multi-Digit Multiplication

Lesson 5

Math

Unit 2

4th Grade

Lesson 5 of 18

Objective


Multiply multiples of 10, 100, and 1,000 by one-digit numbers. Estimate multi-digit products by rounding numbers to their largest place value.

Common Core Standards


Core Standards

  • 4.NBT.B.5 — Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using strategies based on place value and the properties of operations. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.

Foundational Standards

  • 3.NBT.A.3
  • 4.NBT.A.1
  • 3.OA.C.7

Criteria for Success


  1. Multiply multiples of 10, 100, and 1,000 by single digits. 
  2. Identify patterns in multiplication of multiples of 10, 100, and 1,000 by single digits (MP.8).
  3. Estimate products of one-digit by two-digit, three-digit, and four-digit multiplication by rounding the multi-digit values to their largest place value.
  4. Understand that just rounding the multi-digit factor and not changing the one-digit factor will result in the most accurate estimate.

Tips for Teachers


In Lessons 5—10, students estimate products of a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number by rounding the largest factor, thus connecting the work of 4.NBT.3 across clusters to the work of 4.NBT.4, as well as preparing students to assess reasonableness in the context of multi-step word problems (4.OA.3).

Lesson Materials

  • Optional: Base ten blocks (12 ones, 12 tens, 12 hundreds, and 12 thousands per student or small group) — Students might not need these depending on their reliance on concrete materials.
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Anchor Tasks

25-30 minutes


Problem 1

a.   Solve. 

  1. 4 × 3 = ______
  2. 4 × 30 = ______ 
  3. 4 × 300 = ______
  4. 4 × 3,000 = ______

b.   What do you notice about Part (a)? What do you wonder?

Guiding Questions

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Student Response

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References

EngageNY Mathematics Grade 4 Mathematics > Module 3 > Topic B > Lesson 5Concept Development

Grade 4 Mathematics > Module 3 > Topic B > Lesson 5 of the New York State Common Core Mathematics Curriculum from EngageNY and Great Minds. © 2015 Great Minds. Licensed by EngageNY of the New York State Education Department under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 US license. Accessed Dec. 2, 2016, 5:15 p.m..

Modified by Fishtank Learning, Inc.

Problem 2

a.   Solve. 

  1. 5 × 4 = ______
  2. 5 × 40 = ______
  3. 5 × 400 = ______
  4. 5 × 4,000 = ______

b.   What do you notice about Part (a)? What do you wonder?

Guiding Questions

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Student Response

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References

EngageNY Mathematics Grade 4 Mathematics > Module 3 > Topic B > Lesson 5Concept Development

Grade 4 Mathematics > Module 3 > Topic B > Lesson 5 of the New York State Common Core Mathematics Curriculum from EngageNY and Great Minds. © 2015 Great Minds. Licensed by EngageNY of the New York State Education Department under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 US license. Accessed Dec. 2, 2016, 5:15 p.m..

Modified by Fishtank Learning, Inc.

Problem 3

Estimate the following products. 

a.   4 × 42

b.   783 × 7

c.   5,182 × 8

Guiding Questions

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Student Response

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Problem Set

15-20 minutes


Discussion of Problem Set

  • What pattern did you notice while solving #1?
  • What made #2 (i)–(l) particularly more challenging? 
  • How did the last lesson prepare you for this lesson?
  • Think about the problems we solved during the lesson and the problems you solved in the Problem Set. When does the number of zeros in the factors not equal the number of zeros in the product?
  • For each problem in #4, would you expect the actual product to be greater or less than your estimate? Why? 
  • How can you tell, just by looking at the size of the factors and the size of the product Peter found, that his answer is unreasonable? 

Target Task

5-10 minutes


Problem 1

Find the following products.

a.   20 × 4

b.   9 × 300

c.   5 × 6,000

Student Response

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Problem 2

Estimate the following products.

a.   8 × 84

b.   458 × 4

c.   2 × 9,340

Student Response

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Additional Practice


The Extra Practice Problems can be used as additional practice for homework, during an intervention block, etc. Daily Word Problems and Fluency Activities are aligned to the content of the unit but not necessarily to the lesson objective, therefore feel free to use them anytime during your school day.

Word Problems and Fluency Activities

Word Problems and Fluency Activities

Help students strengthen their application and fluency skills with daily word problem practice and content-aligned fluency activities.

Next

Multiply two-, three-, and four-digit numbers by one-digit numbers using a variety of mental strategies.

Lesson 6
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Lesson Map

A7CB09C2-D12F-4F55-80DB-37298FF0A765

Topic A: Multiplicative Comparison

Topic B: Multiplication of up to Four-Digit Whole Numbers by One-Digit Whole Numbers

Topic C: Multiplication of Two-Digit Whole Numbers by Two-Digit Whole Numbers

Topic D: Multi-Step Word Problems

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