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Compose and Decompose Numbers to 10
Available Winter 2027
Students investigate how numbers to 10 can be decomposed and composed. They represent part-whole relationships, recognize patterns in number combinations, and use known relationships to determine unknown parts when composing 10.
Math
Unit 5
Kindergarten
Unit Summary
Assessment
The following assessments accompany Unit 5.
Student Observational Spreadsheet
Print the Student Observational Spreadsheet to use as a formative tool to monitor the progress of students throughout the unit.
Post-Unit
Use the resources below to assess student understanding of the unit content and action plan for future units.
Unit Prep
Intellectual Prep
Intellectual Prep for All Units
- Read and annotate the "Unit Summary" and "Essential Understandings" portions of the unit plan.
- Do all the Target Tasks and annotate them with the "Unit Summary" and "Essential Understandings" in mind.
- Take the Post-Unit Assessment.
Unit-Specific Intellectual Prep
- Read pp. 13-20 on Operations and Algebraic Thinking in The Progressions for the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics.
- Read pp. 6-8 on Standards for Mathematical Practice in the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.
Essential Understandings
- Understand that numbers can be composed and decomposed into different pairs of parts while the whole stays the same.
- Represent and explain part-whole relationships using concrete objects, drawings, ten frames, and number bonds.
- Recognize patterns and relationships among number combinations to identify different ways to compose a number.
- Use a known part and the whole to reason about an unknown part, specifically, finding the number that makes 10 when combined with a given number (0-9).
Materials
Vocabulary and Models
Unit Vocabulary
compose
decompose
To see all the vocabulary for Unit 5, view our Kindergarten Vocabulary Glossary.
Models
| Model | Example |
| number bond | [FIGMA] |
| compose | [FIGMA] |
Lesson Map
Common Core Standards
Key
Major Cluster
Supporting Cluster
Additional Cluster
Standards for Mathematical Practice
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP1 — Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP2 — Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP3 — Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP4 — Model with mathematics.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP5 — Use appropriate tools strategically.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP6 — Attend to precision.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP7 — Look for and make use of structure.
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CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP8 — Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.
