Solving One-Variable Equations
Students hone their skills of solving multi-step equations and inequalities, redefining their definition of "solution" to include results such as 4 = 5, and interpreting solutions in context.
Unit Summary
In Unit 2, eighth-grade students hone their skills of solving equations and inequalities. They encounter complex-looking, multi-step equations, and they discover that by using properties of operations and combining like terms, these equations boil down to simple one- and two-step equations. Students also discover that there are many different ways to approach solving a multi-step equation, and they spend time closely looking at their own work and the work of their peers. When solving an equation with variables on both sides of the equal sign, students are challenged with results such as 4=5, and they refine their definition of “solution” to include such examples. Throughout this unit, students use equations as models to capture real-world applications. They reason abstractly and quantitatively as they de-contextualize situations to represent them with symbols and then re-contextualize the numbers to make sense in context (MP.2).
In sixth grade, students developed the conceptual understanding of how the components of expressions and equations work. They learned how the distributive property can create equivalent forms of an expression and how combining like terms can turn an expression with three terms into an expression with one term. By the end of seventh grade, students fluently solved one- and two-step equations with rational numbers and used equations and inequalities to represent and solve word problems.
Students’ ability to manipulate and transform equations will be required again in Unit 5: Linear Relationships and Unit 6: Systems of Linear Equations. Furthermore, these skills will be needed throughout high school as students are introduced to new types of equations involving radicals, exponents, multiple variables, and more.
Pacing: 16 instructional days (12 lessons, 3 flex days, 1 assessment day)
For guidance on adjusting the pacing for the 2020-2021 school year due to school closures, see our 8th Grade Scope and Sequence Recommended Adjustments.
Texts and Materials
Supporting Materials
Inequalities
Equations
Assessment
This assessment accompanies Unit 2 and should be given on the suggested assessment day or after completing the unit.
Unit Prep
Intellectual Prep
?
Internalization of Standards via the Post-Unit Assessment
- Take the Post-Unit Assessment. Annotate for:
- Standards that each question aligns to
- Strategies and representations used in daily lessons
- Relationship to Essential Understandings of unit
- Lesson(s) that Assessment points to
Internalization of Trajectory of Unit
- Read and annotate the Unit Summary.
- Notice the progression of concepts through the unit using the Lesson Map.
- Do all Target Tasks. Annotate the Target Tasks for:
- Essential Understandings
- Connection to Post-Unit Assessment questions
- Identify key opportunities to engage students in academic discourse. Read through our Teacher Tool on Academic Discourse and refer back to it throughout the unit.
Unit-Specific Intellectual Prep
- Read the Progressions for the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics, 6-8, Expressions and Equations for standards relevant to this unit.
Essential Understandings
?
- Solving an equation or inequality involves changing the equation into equivalent, simpler forms in order to reveal possible values for the variable.
- Solving an equation or inequality involves using properties of operations, combining like terms, and using inverse operations.
- An equation in one-variable may have a unique solution for the variable, no possible solutions for the variable, or all possible values may be solutions for the variable.
Materials
?
- calculators
Vocabulary
?
infinite solutions
combine like terms
term
distribute a negative
properties of operations
inequality
expression
solution
unique solution
equation
distributive property
no solution
break even
Related Teacher Tools:
Lesson Map
Topic A: Simplifying Expressions and Verifying Solutions
1
8.EE.C.7
Write equivalent expressions using properties of operations and verify equivalence using substitution.
2
8.EE.C.7
Define a solution to an equation. Solve and check solutions to 1 and 2 step equations.
Topic B: Analyzing and Solving Equations in One Variable
3
8.EE.C.7.A
8.EE.C.7.B
Justify each step in solving a multi-step equation with variables on one side of the equation.
4
8.EE.C.7.B
Write and solve multi-step equations to represent situations, with variables on one side of the equation.
5
8.EE.C.7
Model with equations using a three-act task.
6
8.EE.C.7
Solve equations with variables on both sides of the equal sign.
7
8.EE.C.7
Write and solve multi-step equations to represent situations, including variables on both sides of the equation.
8
8.EE.C.7.A
Understand that equations can have no solutions, infinite solutions, or a unique solution; classify equations by their solution.
9
8.EE.C.7.A
Solve and reason with equations with three types of solutions.
10
8.EE.C.7
Use equations to model a business plan and determine the break-even point.
Topic C: Analyzing and Solving Inequalities in One Variable
Common Core Standards
Key: Major Cluster Supporting Cluster Additional Cluster
Core Standards
?
Expressions and Equations
-
8.EE.C.7 — Solve linear equations in one variable.
-
8.EE.C.7.A — Give examples of linear equations in one variable with one solution, infinitely many solutions, or no solutions. Show which of these possibilities is the case by successively transforming the given equation into simpler forms, until an equivalent equation of the form x = a, a = a, or a = b results (where a and b are different numbers).
-
8.EE.C.7.B — Solve linear equations with rational number coefficients, including equations whose solutions require expanding expressions using the distributive property and collecting like terms.
Reasoning with Equations and Inequalities
-
A.REI.B.3 — Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
Foundational Standards
?
Expressions and Equations
-
6.EE.A.1
-
6.EE.A.2
-
6.EE.A.3
-
6.EE.B.5
-
6.EE.B.7
-
7.EE.A.1
-
7.EE.B.4
-
7.EE.B.4.A
-
7.EE.B.4.B
Future Standards
?
Creating Equations
-
A.CED.A.1
-
A.CED.A.3
-
A.CED.A.4
Expressions and Equations
-
8.EE.C.8
Reasoning with Equations and Inequalities
-
A.REI.A.1
-
A.REI.B.3
Standards for Mathematical Practice
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP1 — Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP2 — Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP3 — Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP4 — Model with mathematics.
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP5 — Use appropriate tools strategically.
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP6 — Attend to precision.
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP7 — Look for and make use of structure.
-
CCSS.MATH.PRACTICE.MP8 — Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.