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Finding Connection: The Outsiders
Students explore the topic of coming of age through the story of a young man struggling to determine right and wrong in a world defined by violence.
ELA
Unit 4
6th Grade
Unit Summary
S. E. Hinton's 1967 novel, The Outsiders, is a classic coming of age story. Written when Hinton was just a teenager, the text follows the story of Ponyboy, a young teenager who has recently lost both of his parents and is being raised by his older brothers. Although the text is set in the 1960s, the emotions Ponyboy experiences are timeless and universal, as Hinton captures the inner conflicts and thoughts of a young teenage boy as he navigates the complexities of life as a greaser in a world prejudiced against them. This book is a middle school "classic" for good reason: Ponyboy's story continues to resonate with young readers, even sixty years after its original publication. The book has sold more than 15 million copies, become a steady feature on school reading lists, been adapted into a film, and helped shape an entire literary genre marketed to young adults.
In this unit, students will closely analyze how authors develop the unique perspective of their narrator and track how characters' perspectives change in response to specific events. They will also pay close attention to the way that authors structure text, studying "standard" narrative structures in order to better understand how individual incidents, scenes, and chapters fit together to create a cohesive narrative. Additionally, this text provides opportunities to study foreshadowing and how that literary device works to create tension in the text—and provide the reader with the opportunity for reflection on earlier events and how these events influence later outcomes. Students will also compare a film version of the core text with the original novel, thinking metacognitively about how the experience of reading is similar and different from viewing a film. This unit also includes three nonfiction texts that, in addition to providing students with a contemporary lens through which to understand the events and characters in The Outsiders, are also an opportunity to practice the skill of deciphering the meaning of words in context.
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Texts and Materials
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Core Materials
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Book: The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton (Speak, 2006) — 750L
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lnfographic: Teens & Peer Pressure Infographic by Fishtank Staff
Supporting Materials
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Movie: The Outsiders
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Poem: “Nothing Gold Can Stay” by Robert Frost (poets.org)
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Article: “Teen-Agers Are for Real” by S.E. Hinton (The New York Times)
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Video: “Typical Teenagers Talk About Teenage Life In 1966” by Global Image Works (YouTube)
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Article: “Are You Following the Herd?” by Holly Corbett (Scholastic)
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Assessment Text: “Brothers” (Growing Up | ReadWorks)
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Assessment Text: “I AM 17. I HAVE A LOT TO SAY.” by Jackson Holbert (The Poetry Foundation)
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Poem: “We Real Cool” by Gwendolyn Brooks
- Resource: Recommended Texts for Independent Reading
Assessment
The following assessments accompany Unit 4.
Content Assessment
The Content Assessment tests students' ability to read a "cold" or unfamiliar passage and answer multiple choice and short answer questions. Additionally, a longer writing prompt pushes students to synthesize unit content knowledge or unit essential questions in writing. The Content Assessment should be used as the primary assessment because it shows mastery of unit content knowledge and standards.
Vocabulary Assessment
The Vocabulary Assessment tests student's knowledge and usage of the unit's of text-based vocabulary.
Fluency Assessment
The Fluency Assessment measures students' ability to read a grade-level text with accuracy and prosody, at a proficient rate, with a reading passage drawn from one of the unit's core texts. Find guidance for using this assessment and supporting reading fluency in Teacher Tools.
Unit Prep
Intellectual Prep
Essential Questions
- How does being understood and accepted by others shape a person's life and identity?
- How do stereotypes and prejudices influence the way we see others and ourselves?
- What factors influence our decisions, and how do our significant decisions define us?
Enduring Understandings
- People often see others as being more different from them than they really are; these perceived differences can lead to conflict and even violence.
- All people have a desire to "belong" and form strong connections with others; for some people, friends can become a kind of family.
- It is important to look for beauty in the world, even when things seem bleak or hopeless.
Vocabulary
Text-based
aloofbewildermentcliqueconvictionconformcontemptuousdeliriouseludegallantgrudgeidealisticincredulousmenacepitypremonitionrecklesssophisticatedsusceptiblesubsidevast
Literary Terms
actor's choicealliterationcamera movementcamera anglecutsexpositionflashbackforeshadowingimagerylightingpersonificationrhythmrhymerising actionsidebarsoundstatistictone
To see all the vocabulary for Unit 4, view our 6th Grade Vocabulary Glossary.
Supporting All Students
In order to ensure that all students are able to access the texts and tasks in this unit, it is incredibly important to intellectually prepare to teach the unit prior to launching the unit. Use the guidance provided under 'Notes for Teachers' below in addition to the Unit Launch to determine which supports students will need at the unit and lesson level. To learn more, visit the Supporting All Students Teacher Tool.
Notes for Teachers
- This book addresses a number of difficult and mature topics, including gang violence, murder, domestic violence, the death of parents, the death of friends, a police shooting/suicide by police, and PTSD/depression. There are also several scenes that include slurs and offensive stereotypes about women, Indigenous people, and people within the LGBTQIA+ community. As always, be mindful of your students' backgrounds and life experiences and be aware that they may have strong reactions to the book.
- Consider exploring the following resources during intellectual preparation:
- To reduce stigma around incarceration and create a safe space for this discussion in your classroom, access resources from the NEA's Toolkit for Supporting Students With Incarcerated Parents.
- To understand why adults and teenagers of this era would have had a particularly difficult time relating to each other, read the following historical context from History.com's article “1950s Parents Had No Idea What Their Kids Wanted to Do at Parties".
- There are two versions of this movie: the original cut that was shown in theaters and a longer version called The Outsiders: The Complete Novel, which includes several more scenes (and is rated PG-13, while the original is rated PG). The timestamps listed in this unit correspond to the original version.
- Throughout the unit, encourage students to use the Outsiders Character Analysis (G6, U4) graphic organizer to track the development of major characters and facilitate comparisons between characters using evidence from the text. This organizer can also be adapted into a shared resource such as an anchor chart.
Content Knowledge and Connections
Previous Fishtank ELA Connections
Lesson Map
Common Core Standards
Core Standards
Supporting Standards
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